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 1. |
ABSTRACT: Oral disintegrating tablets are solid dosage form containing medicinal substances which disintegrates rapidly usually within a matter of seconds, when placed upon the tongue The products are designed to disintegrate or dissolve rapidly on contact with saliva, thus eliminating the need for chewing the tablet, swallowing an intact tablet, or taking the tablet with water. Orally disintegrating films interest gains alternative of ODT as these get dissolved fast when placed on tongue without water. These are mainly used for preparing pediatric, geriatric and psychiatric dosage forms as patient compliance and convenience is improved by using ODF. In the present review, ODF and ODT technologies are compiled. Mainly usage of taste masking excipients plays an important role in oral dosage forms. In this review there is a comparative view for ODTS and ODFS.
KeyWords: Oral disintegrated tablets, technologies, oral disintegrating strips, evaluation tests.
How to cite: Swathi Bekkeri. Leads of Oral Disintegrating Films over Oral Disintegrating Tablets: A Review. Int J Pharma Sci. 4(2) 2014: 447-453
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447-453
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| 2. |
ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Vicia faba Vicine and its aglucone, Divicine on control blood glucose, serum insulin, lipid profile level and protective effect against oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of both Vicine and its aglucone Divicine at a concentration of 50mg/kg b.w daily for 30 days showed a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose, iron, transferrin, total iron bending capacity (TIBC), TG, TC, LDL-C, vLDL-C and atherogenic index as well as liver thiobarbaturic acid reactive substances (TBARS). The treatment also resulted in a significant increase in plasma insulin, HDL-C, Ferritin, blood hemoglobin, HBA1c and glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) as well as blood and liver reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) of diabetic rats. The results clearly suggest that Vicine and Divicine may effectively normalize the impaired antioxidant status in streptozotocin induced diabetes. Also, the tested compounds exerted hypolipidemic and protective effects against lipid peroxidation by scavenging of free radicals by reducing the risk of diabetic complications. Finally, the effect was more pronounced in ethanolic Divicine compared to Vicine. Taken together, Vicine and Divicine have potential as preventive and therapeutic agents for oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetics and deserve clinical trial in the near future as an adjuvant therapy in diabetes.
KeyWords: Antioxidant enzymes, Diabetes, Divicine, Fava beans (Vicia faba), Streptozotocin and Vicine.
How to cite: Hussein A. Ali et. al. Antidiabetic Activity of Vicia faba L. Vicine and its O- Deglycosylation product, Divicine in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Int J Pharma Sci. 4(2) 2014: 454-463
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454-463
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| 3. |
ABSTRACT: Diabetes mellitus is one of the widespread and severe metabolic disorders in human all over the world. The effect of the disease on lipid metabolism is very well established. The association of hyperglycaemia with altered lipid parameters presents a major risk for all cardiovascular diseases. Various medicinal plants have effectively been used to conquer this health problem. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential anti- hyperlipidemic efficacy of methanolic extract from Momordica dioica seeds in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by giving Streptozotocin intraperitoneally, rats which showed >250 mg/100 ml of blood were selected for the study. The methanolic extract of Momordica dioica seed was prepared and administered at a dose of 200 mg/kg orally for a period of 15 days. Metformin was taken as a standard drug at a dose of 50 mg/kg orally. The fasting and post-prandial blood glucose levels were estimated by glucose-oxidase method. The plasma levels of low density lipoproteins (LDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), cholesterol (CH) and triglycerides (TG) were estimated and found to be significantly (p<0.0001) lowered in diabetic rats. The results showed that the present study provided a rationale for the use of Momordica dioica seed extract as an anti-diabetic agent and anti-hyperlipidemic agent.
KeyWords: Diabetes mellitus, Momordica dioica, Streptozotocin, cardiovascular complications, anti-hyperlipidemic agent.
How to cite: P. Sailaja Rao and G. Krishna Mohan. Beneficial effects of Momordica dioica seed extract on lipid profile status in Streptozotocin induced Diabetic rats. Int J Pharma Sci. 4(2) 2014: 464-467
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464-467
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| 4. |
ABSTRACT: In recent decades the search for new oncotherapeutic agents of natural origin with selective antitumor activity is of significant priority for cancer treatment. The antitumor potential of the medicinal plant Tanacetum vulgare L. is limitedly studied and no data are so far available concerning the Bulgarian plant. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antitumor potential of crude aqueous ethanolic extract of Bulgarian Tanacetum vulgare L. Anticancer effect was investigated by МТТ cell viability assay on human breast cancer cell line MCF7. Cell morphological characteristics were examined under light microscope. The analysis showed that plant extract exposure decreased considerably cancer cell viability in dose- and time dependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentration was determined to be 286.8 μg/ml. Morphological alterations were found in treated tumor cells compared to untreated control cells. The here-presented results are the first demonstrating antitumor properties of the Bulgarian Tanacetum vulgare L. and are indicative for further more detailed investigations on the active compounds and molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity.
KeyWords: Tanacetum vulgare L.; Breast cancer cell line; Cell viability; Antitumor potential.
How to cite: Zlatina Gospodinova et. al. In vitro antitumor potential of Bulgarian Tanacetum vulgare L. on human breast adenocarcinoma cells. Int J Pharma Sci. 4(2) 2014: 468-472
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468-472
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| 5. |
ABSTRACT: The practice of medicinal chemistry is devoted to the discovery and development of new agents for treating disease. A new derivative of ethyl 5-((E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acrylamido)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate 2 was synthesized by reacting the amino group of ethyl-5-amino-1-phenylpyrazole-4-carboxylate 1 with caffeic acid in presence of PCl3. Cyclcondensation of 2 with hydrazine hydrate afforded the corresponding 2-phenyl,5-3`,4`-dihydroxyphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo [5`,1`:4,5] Pyrazolo [3,4-d]pyrimidine-8-one 3. The antioxidant effect was more pronounced in compound 2 compared to compound 3. The newly synthesized compounds 2 and 3 showed good anti-inflammatory activities compared to diclofenac sodium (30 mg/kg b.w.). Also, the median lethal doses (LD50s) of compounds 2 and 3 in mice were 1040 and 930 mg/kg b.w., respectively. Administration of compounds 2 and 3 orally to the rats at dose of 1/50 LD50 /kg.b.w., for 10 days showed non-significant changes in liver enzymes Alanine amino transferase (ALT), Aspartate amino transferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as compared with the control group. These findings suggest that compounds 2 and 3 exhibited good anti-inflammatory activity and have on effects liver enzymes in rats.
KeyWords: Quinazolines, caffeic acid, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, ALT, AST and ALP.
How to cite: Mohammed A. Hussein. Design, synthesis and structure antioxidant activity relationship of new anti-inflammatory compounds based on Quinazolines containing Caffeic Acid scaffold. Int J Pharma Sci. 4(2) 2014: 473-480
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473-480
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| 6. |
ABSTRACT: Thuja occidentalis, Linn is a potent medicinal plant in the folk system of medicine. Thuja occidentalis, Linn belonging to family Cupressaceae,. In the present study the methanolic extracts of whole plant of Thuja occidentalis, Linn were studied for their antipyretic activity by TAB (Typhoid) vaccine and PGE1 induced pyrexia in rabbits. In TAB vaccine-induced fever, the fever was significantly reduced and the body temperature was normalized by administration of 100 and 200 mg/kg dose orally and the activity was comparable to the reference drug (Paracetamol). On the other hand, pyrexia induced by PGE1 was significantly reduced as compared to the standard drug (Aspirin). This study has established the antipyretic activity of Thuja occidentalis, Linn and thus, justifies the folkloric and ethnomedical uses of this plant for fever.
KeyWords: Thuja occidentalis L., PGE1, TAB-vaccine, aspirin, Paracetamol.
How to cite: Abdul Aziz et. al. Evaluation of antipyretic activity of Thuja occidentalis Linn. in PGE1 and TAB-Vaccine induced pyrexia models in rabbits. Int J Pharma Sci. 4(2) 2014: 481-484
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481-484
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| 7. |
ABSTRACT: Heat Stress not only causes suffering and death in the birds, but also results in reduced or lost production that adversely affects the profit from the enterprise. A comparative study was conducted to evaluate comparative effects of supplementation of vitamin C and a new coded polyherbal liquid antistressor product Ayucee liquid (supplied by M/S Ayurvet Ltd., Baddi, H.P., India) on the performance of environmental heat stressed broilers birds. 90 day-old unsexed broiler chicks of Vencobb strain exposed to environmental heat were randomly divided into three groups each having three replicates of ten birds. Group- T0: Untreated control, Group- T1: supplemented with synthetic Vit. C @ 100g/ton of feed, Group- T2: supplemented with Ayucee liquid (Starter: @1 ml/100 birds/day Grower: @ 2ml/100 birds/day Finisher: @ 3ml/100 birds/day in water. The birds were fed standard ration throughout the experiment. At the end of 42nd day significantly higher (p≤0.05) feeding and drinking rate, leg and wing stretch and preening rate (birds/minute) were recorded in antistressor supplemented groups T1 and T2 as compared to untreated control group. Mean FCR for T1 was significantly lower (1.66) than T2 (1.81) and control (1.83). Mortality rate was significantly higher (P≤0.05) in control group T0: 16.67% and low in T1 and T2: 6.67%. The haematobiochemical data revealed normalization of values in treated groups as compared to control. Dressing % was significantly high (P≤0.05) in group T2 (70.15%) and group T1 (67.15%) as compared to control (64.78 %). Antibody titre was significantly higher in the treated groups as compared to untreated control. Histopathological evaluation of liver, kidney and spleen suggested the potential stress ameliorating and antioxidant efficacy of antistress products that has resulted in minimal damage to tissues and organs in birds of treated groups. From the results it can be concluded that Ayucee liquid is effective in combating heat stress and immunosuppression, besides enhancing the production performance in poultry and can successfully replace vit C in broiler ration.
KeyWords: Ayucee liquid, antistressor, heat stress, immunosuppression, oxidative, polyherbal.
How to cite: Vijay Kumar et. al. Heat Ameliorating and Immunomodulatory Activity of Ayucee Liquid with Effect on Behavioral Parameters in Broilers under Heat Stress. Int J Pharma Sci. 4(2) 2014: 485-491
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485-491
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| 8. |
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) on dielectric properties of polymers. In this study epoxy is used as the base polymer insulator. The relative permittivity (ε), dissipation factor (tanδ), and electrical conductivity (σ (of polymers are measured as a function of ZrO2 concentration in epoxy samples. Experimental measurements show that adding of ZrO2 to Epoxy has an influence for good in samples which is going to be used in electrical applications. Thermal conductivity of zirconium dioxide filled epoxy composite as a function to volume fraction of filler content, were studied. Thermal conductivity of the composite was found to increase with increases in volume fraction of filler content.
KeyWords: Epoxy, Zirconium dioxide, composites material, electrical properties.
How to cite: Ban M.Al-Shabander and Aseel.A.Kareem. The Effect of Zirconium dioxide on Dielectric Properties and Thermal conductivity of Polymers. Int J Pharma Sci. 4(2) 2014: 492-495
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492-495
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| 9. |
ABSTRACT: The microspheres are characteristically free flowing powders consisting of proteins or synthetic polymers, which are biodegradable in nature, and ideally having a particle size less than 200µm. Solid biodegradable microspheres incorporating a drug dispersed or dissolved throughout particles matrix have the potential for the controlled release of drug. The nasal mucosa has also received attention as a viable means of systemic administration of analgesics, sedatives, hormones, cardiovascular drugs, and vaccines.
KeyWords: microspheres, controlled release, analgesic, sedatives hormones, cardiovascular drugs, vaccines.
How to cite: Khan Mohd. Shadab and Doharey Vinod. A Review on Nasal Microspheres. Int J Pharma Sci. 4(2) 2014: 496-506
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496-506
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| 10. |
ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out for phytochemical screening of principle bioactive compounds in Solanum erianthum. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannin, saponin, terpenoid, steroid, flavonoid and alkaloid. The petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts were subjected for antimicrobial activity against twelve bacteria and three fungal strains using agar well diffusion method. Leaf extracts inhibited B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, S. typhi, C. albicans and C. tropicalis. Fruit extracts possessed antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, C. albicans and C. tropicalis. P. aeruginosa showed significant sensitivity to stem extract. The Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) values ranged from 1.6 - 1.92 mgmL-1. Among the different solvent extracts used for the study, the extract prepared in methanol and water proved to have greater antimicrobial activity. The results suggested that methanolic and aqueous leaf, fruit and stem extracts were highly potent against P. aeruginosa and can be used in treatment of nosocomial infections such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs) and bacteremia. The study revealed the high medicinal property of Solanum erianthum.
KeyWords: Phytochemical analysis, Solanum erianthum, antimicrobial activity, Minimal Inhibition Concentration..
How to cite: Radhika Mahadev et. al. Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial activity of Solanum erianthum D. Don. Int J Pharma Sci. 4(2) 2014: 507-511
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507-511
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